The Hungarian character, if one may allow any such generalizations, may be de scribed by such man i fes ta tions as acute in di vid u al ism, per va sive sense of hu mor, a ten dency to show man ship and pas sion ate hos pi tal ity. For those read ers who are in ter ested in a chro no log i cal re view of Hun gary’s his tory, Ste phen Pálffy’s work, The Kings of Hun gary is in cluded as an ap pen dix. How ever, it is not Hun gary’s his tory that will be ad dressed here, but the at tain ments of her peo ple. The country’s history is marked by three catastrophic events: the Mongol On slaught in 1241, the Bat tle of Mohács, dawn ing the Turk ish oc cu pa tion in 1526 and the Treaty of Trianon, the breakup of his toric Hun gary From the year 1,000 AD un til 1945 this king dom was in con tin u ous ex is tence. Although today a small country, Hungary was an established Chris tian king dom gen er a tions be fore the Nor man Con quest. Nei ther Slav, nor Latin or Teu tonic, Hun gar i ans speak a lan guage that is linguistically closer to Jap a nese than to any Eu ro pean lan guage ex cept per haps Finn ish and Es tonian. Al though they live in the very cen ter of Eu rope for over 1100 years, eth ni cally Hun gar i ans dif fer from their neigh bors. Who are these Hun gar i ans-or Magyars, in their own lan guage-and why are they so suc cess ful? This is an at tempt to ex plain. They won the golden stat u ettes on thirty oc ca sions. Men and women with some claim to Hun gar ian an ces try were nom i nated for Os cars 136 times be tween 19, or an av er age of two nom i nees each year. But not only in sci ence, tech nol ogy and sports, Hun gar i ans also ex cel in arts. On the av er age, Hun gary’s ath letes were among the first eight in win ning med als in Olym pic Games, com pet ing against the world. This small na tion is quite com pet i tive in the world of sports also. Hungarian scientists have won eleven Nobel Prizes in the twen ti eth cen tury. Not only are they im me di ately rec og nized by their ex u berant mu sic-Liszt, Lehár and Bartók comes to mind-but by their scientific attainments. Of these, only about two-thirds live in pres ent day Hungary, the others are in neighboring countries, or virtually all over the globe.
Quite im pres sive for a na tion that num bers less than 15 mil lion, about the pop u la tion of Florida.
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Preface Carburetor, he li cop ter, ste reo ra dio, tele vi sion, elec tric trans former, dy namo, holography, ball point pen, telephone exchange, krypton light bulb, automatic exposure, binary code, vitamin C, neutron bomb, Rubik’s cube, jet pro pul sion, tor pedo, con tact lens, wa ter tur bine: they all have one thing in common.
Water Resources Engineering 290 Geosciences
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Pro duced on Corel Ventura Pub lisher software by Si mon Pub li ca tions, 1719 An glers Court, Safety Har bor, Florida 34695Īnthropology and Ethnology 169 Linguistics 54321 Printed in the United States of Amer ica. Type faces were de signed in 1681/82 by Miklós Tótfalusi Kis for the first Hun gar ian Bi ble. ISBN 0-966 Li brary of Con gress Cat a log Card Num ber: 98-96916 Photograph by Ron Rocz: Cor o na tion Church, Bu da pest. All rights re served un der the Pan-American and In ter na tional Copy right Conventions. Appendix: The Kings of Hun gary Copy right © 1999 by Ste phen Pálffy. HUNGARIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO UNIVERSAL CULTUREĬopy right © 1998 by An drew L.
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